Sierra Leone's Irish alliance bodes well for women affected by violence | Lisa O'Carroll

Ireland supports efforts to fight against gender-based violence in Sierra Leone and pay greater attention to the rights of women

The World Health Organization has recently formed attention to gender-based violence, particularly in Africa, where nearly half of all women experience physical or sexual assault in their lifetime.

the princess Squire, counselor, and his sister, Annie Mafinda, a midwife, it is not a surprise. They have a clinic of sexual assault in a maternity hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Last year, 1,000 cases were treated mainly rape.

The number of reports of attacks has more than doubled since the first of the three countries Rainbo Centre opened in 2003, reflecting an awareness that violence against women is a crime punishable and that women have access to treatment.

"Because more and more women, there is a realization that what a man can do, a woman can do, then they will not accept what happened before" said Mafinda.

Historically, tolerance of violence against women in Sierra Leone has been high. Cultural factors have shaped this trend, but efforts to change attitudes reinforced in 2007 when, in one of the three acts gender Parliament adopted this year, domestic violence has become a crime.

Ireland, which recently Sierra Leone, one of the nine key Irish Aid partner countries, said gender inequalities and issues related to long-term care, by focusing on rape crisis centers and the strengthening of the judicial system.

If denounce sexual violence is the first link in the chain of justice, then the number of women who go through the Rainbo centers, which are funded by Irish Aid, is a measure of success.

• But according Sinead Walsh, Irish charge d'affaires in Freetown who oversees the program for the country, creating a structure for reporting violence is not enough in a republic where the judicial system is decline for decades, even before the Civil War. If the police, courts and government do not work together, every effort is "disabled" from the beginning, said Walsh.

This is one reason why Irish Aid spends part of its € 2.1 million (? 1.7m) investment in courts across the country Saturday to deal exclusively with women in the part of an attempt to reduce the number of cases.

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It's summer, let's dance!

dance has never been a more important part of popular culture. Diplo and Beyonce team then why, then you can also link to learn the latest moves with our instructions based gif.

Think you're one of

twerker you? Learn the moves, then post your videos @ guideguardian

gelatin turns Elvis

legs. John Travolta finger strokes. Jacko Moonwalk. Madonna's Vogue. Strange dance Bez. Beyonc? gymnastic prowess. Pogoing punks. Breakdancing in the Bronx. Big fish, little fish, cardboard box. Wherever there was pop music was dance. One of the major factors that we still use to measure the effectiveness of pop music is its ability to make you want to get up from his seat and pull your body to the rhythm. And do all of the artists mentioned above have the same cultural impact without their signature moves?

Recently, however, we have some lazy thing. Dance music became separated from the actual dance. The laser shows hot stars EDM encourage revelers to face the scene rather than the other, while the extent of the most current dance clubs is an awkward foot shuffling and point air occasionally. Here's a quick test: When was the last time you danced? Really danced. No marriage Aunt Hilda, roll on the floor Agadoo. No, Glastonbury, you and coordination in a festival tent lose. Not ironically, an Internet phenomenon as Gangnam style. Yes, that's what I think.

"People do not dance enough," agreed Sean Paul reggae ambassador, a leading advocate of the rump-shaking. "Went Electric Daisy Carnival in the United States [EDM Festival] but if this is supposed to be dance music, not a lot of people dancing. "Why is it so important?" It is an expression of the joy of being alive, but you can not dance "philosophize . There is, however, to the global dance scenes cool to the forefront. New York is experiencing a renaissance voguing with producers to contribute to the dissemination MikeQ face coaching moves to remote locations, while rapper Azealia Banks pays tribute to the gay dance scene with their siren on bashes. In Chicago Rashad and DJ Spinn introduced the gaming world legs, completed more dizzying rhythms of dance. Same time measurements are enjoying a renaissance thanks to electro-swing. In Jamaica, there is a constant flow of new movements, corresponding to the greatest songs of the club. Dancers compete to put videos online in the hope of starting the next elf, dutty wine hot wuk or feeling. Dancehall artist Elephant Man and Sean Paul have that measures Willie bounce and cheer by beating cross to submit their videos, while project Major Lazer Diplo can take credit for introducing the world to the joys of daggering - to caricature dancehall dry hump - in his 2009 video Put the floor. "I was thrown into this world with EDM biggest clubs and festivals," Diplo said, "but in reality people dancing, no fist pumping, has always been my source of inspiration. "Your video you speak last year with the New Orleans bounce queen Nicky Da B, focused on a style called twerking incredible swing end. Now everyone from rapper Iggy Azalea jet popping Miley Cyrus, Demi Moore twerked even through the Internet. Africa is a rich source of creative styles. Afrobeats singer D'Banj had a Top 10 hit with Oliver Twist, popularizing Ghana azonto contagious. Creative Director Beyonce, Frank Gatson Jr., had the idea of ??routine Run The World (Girls) when the management company Tofo dancers from Mozambique was hot corner for kwaito. He immediately moved to the U.S. to teach Beyonc? movement. "We have everything you can imagine to do," said Frank, who has worked with Beyonc? for 16 years and employs 15 choreographers of his last tour. "Beyonc? has at least 2 million" eight counts "[dance segments often fall into] it is important to find the most innovative movement that we can, but also try to think about the steps that n ' Anyone can do it. A friendly way of doing a dance move a success. "

• may not seem all good in the mesh Beyonc?, but everyone can master a few basic moves for us apart from the rest of nods. Then click on the pages for step by step guides animation dance.

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Australian bushman claims to have footage of legendary night parrot

• desert bird still not seen alive for over a century

• Record of sighting described as overwhelming

An Australian bushman and naturalists claim to have captured video of the night parrot, a bird not seen alive for over a century.

John Young, who describes himself as a detective wildlife showed images and a series of photographs of birds in a room full of fans and media at Queensland Museum Wednesday. The night parrot living in the desert

Pezoporus occidentalis

has never been photographed, and the only evidence of its existence was two dead birds found in 1990 and 2006.

birdwatchers and wildlife authorities have responded to the observation of excitement, saying that the evidence supporting the claim Young was overwhelming.

Australian Wildlife Conservancy ecologist Dr. Steve Murphy told ABC News that the finding was a certainty.

"is indisputable. He stills, a video on the move and feathers, "he said.

decimated during the 19th century by cats and foxes introduced, the population of the Night Parrot has collapsed and fell into the scientific record until 1990, when he found a bird death on a highway in southwest Queensland.

over the next two decades, many naturalists have ventured into the vast Australian desert to try to confirm the existence of the bird and the night parrot began to develop a mythological reputation.
• Australian environmentalists
• look young compared to "find Elvis Presley inside flipping burgers."
young to find the parrot began 15 years ago. Meanwhile, he spent 17,000 hours on the ground, camping in some of the most remote places of the interior dry, inhospitable Australia.

in 2007, was questioned in a lawsuit earlier by young people who have discovered a new species of parrot fig. Some experts have accused him of taking care of your pictures to appear to be new species. He says he has hundreds of photos and video of 17 seconds Night parrot.

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Human behaviour: is it all in the brain – or the mind?

neuroimaging is widely regarded as the key to understanding what we do, but the authors of a controversial new book, brainwashing, claim this approach is erroneous and dangerous

You've seen the headlines: This is your brain on love. O God. Or want. O happiness. And reliably accompanied by images of brains sunny colors - Explorations in capturing Buddhist meditation for cocaine like monks and students who choose Coke over Pepsi. The media - and even some neuroscientists think - like to invoke the neural basis of human behavior to explain everything from the Bernie Madoff financial fiasco slavish devotion to our iPhones, sexual indiscretions of politicians, dismissal of global warming and conservative an obsession with self-tanner.

brains are great at school, too. Take a map of all the major universities and you can follow the progress of neuroscience research laboratories and health centers in schools of law and business and economics and philosophy departments. In recent years, neuroscience has merged with a number of other disciplines, new spawning areas of study as neurolaw, neuroeconomics, neurophilosophy, neuromarketing and Neurofinance. The brain was obtained in these unlikely redoubts as English departments where teachers wonder if the brain scanner subjects as they read passages from Jane Austen's novels is a) successful research on the power of literature, or b ) desperate to inject innovation in an area that has exhausted its romance with psychoanalysis and postmodernism attempt. As a brand new cultural artifact, the brain is depicted in paintings, sculptures and tapestries and put on display in museums and galleries. As a scientist, "if Warhol was alive today, he would have a series of silkscreens dedicated to the cortex, the amygdala is hung next to Marilyn Monroe"

Obviously brains are hot. The ability to solve the riddle deep humanity has ever seen - yes - through the study of the brain has captivated researchers and scientists for centuries. But never the brain involved with such force the public's imagination. The main impetus behind this enthusiasm is a form of brain imaging called functional MRI or fMRI, an instrument that measures brain activity and makes the vibrant iconic images are now in the pages of the journal Science.

As a tool to explore the biology of the mind, neuroimaging has been brain science with a strong cultural presence. As one scientist said, brain imaging are "planetary Bohr atom replacing the symbol of science." With its implicit promise to decode the brain, it is easy to see why images of the brain fool almost anyone interested in drawing the curtain on the mental life of other politicians who hope to manipulate the attitudes of voters, officers legislation infallible lie detector, brain playing marketers learn what consumers really want to buy, addiction researchers that attempt to measure the strength of temptation, and defense lawyers fighting to prove that their clients do not have malicious intent or free will.

The problem is that brain imaging can not do any of these things -. At least for the moment

author Tom Wolfe was typically prophetic when he wrote of fMRI in 1996, a few years after its introduction: "Anyone who cares about getting up early and take a truly dazzling dawn of the 21st century want to maintain an eye on him. "Now, we can not look away.

Why

fixing? First, of course, not the same issue of exploration: the brain, the organ of our deepest self. More complex structure than any of the known universe, the brain is a masterpiece of nature with cognitive powers that far exceed the capabilities of a machine built to emulate silicon. It contains about 80 billion brain cells called neurons, each of which communicates with thousands of other neurons, the world ? 3 cradled between our ears has more connections than there are stars in the Milky Way. How this huge building of subjective feelings neurons leads to one of the greatest mysteries of science and philosophy.

scan images of the brain are not what they seem. There are images of the brain in action in real time. Scientists can not simply look "in" the brain and see what he does. These beautiful images of mottled colors are actually representations of specific areas of the brain that work hard - as measured by the increase in oxygen consumption - when a subject performs a task such as reading a passage or respond to stimuli, such as images of faces. The powerful computer in the scanning device converts changes in oxygen levels caramel color family spots indicating areas of the brain that are most active during the execution of the subject. Despite well-founded conclusions, the biggest challenge of the image is that it is very difficult for scientists to look at a fireplace in a brain scanner and conclude exactly what happens in the mind of the person.

There

years, as the season of the presidential election of 2008 was in preparation, a team of neuroscientists at UCLA tried to solve the riddle of undecided voters or swing. They scanned the brains of undecided voters who responded to photos and videos of the candidates. The researchers translated brain activity resulting from tacit attitudes of voters and, with three political advisers a company based in Washington, called FKF Applied Research, presented their findings to the

New York Times in an opinion article entitled "This is your brain on politics." Readers can view scans for access points dotted tangerine and neon yellow indicating regions "lit" when subjects been exposed to images of Hillary Clinton, John Edwards, Rudy Giuliani, and the rest of the candidates. Revealed in these activity patterns, the authors argued, were "impressions of voters in this election that could turn ". These impressions were that two candidates had completely failed to "engage" with the undecided voters. Who were these unpopular politicians? John McCain and Barack Obama, the two potential presidential candidates.

press offices of the University are known for retail in the tabloid media of the environment: this is a place that lights up when subjects think of God ("Religion Center found! ") O researchers find a region in love (" Love is in the brain "). Neuroscientists sometimes appropriate derogatory reference to these studies as "blobology" sealing his tongue in cheek studies showing that brain areas are activated as test subjects

or do

and

task.

scientists journalists grind teeth when I read accounts that say the scanners can capture the spirit itself in action. Perpetrators of serious science strive to describe the quality of neuroscience research accuracy. Indeed, a flurry of discontent form. "Neuromania", "neurohubris" and "neurohype" - "neuro-balls", if you are a British - are some of the labels that have been distributed, neuroscientists sometimes frustrated themselves

too interpret brain scans can truly be consistent when the concerns of the real world in the balance. Consider the law. When a person commits a crime, who is to blame: the author or the brain? Now, of course, this is a false choice. If biology has taught us anything, it is that "the brain" and "me" is a false distinction. However, if the biological roots can be identified - and, better yet, taken on a brain scan as patches of juicy color - it's too easy for non-professionals who assume that the conduct in question must be "organic" and thus "connected" involuntary or uncontrollable. Criminal lawyers, which is not surprising, attracting more and more images of the brain show supposed to be a biological defect that "make" their customers commit murder.

the future, some neuroscientists provide a radical transformation of the criminal law. Neuroscientist David Eagleman, meanwhile, hosts a time when "one day we can see that many types of misconduct have a biological explanation based [and] the time to think badly of decision-making in the same way thinking any physical process, such as diabetes or lung disease. "As it happens, he predicts," most judges place Sentenced not guilty side of the line. " But is this the right conclusion to draw from the data of neuroscience? After all, if all behavior is ultimately attributed to the activity of the brain correlates detectable, it means that one day I can write undesirable behavior in my my-brain theory non-fault-blame crime?

scientists have made great strides in reducing the complexity of brain organization body intact its constituent neurons containing proteins, genes, etc.. With this model, we can see how human thought and action are developed in different levels of explanation, working from the most basic elements. In one of the lowest levels of the hierarchy is the neurobiological level, including the brain and its constituent cells. Genes direct neuronal development, neurons in brain circuits assembled. Information processing, or computation, and dynamics of neural networks oscillate up. At the intermediate level are conscious mental states such as thoughts, feelings, perceptions, knowledge and intentions. Social and cultural contexts, which play an important role in the formation of our mental contents and behavior in the highest hierarchy landings.

According to neuroscientist Sam Harris, brain research over time and explain in detail the spirit and therefore human nature. Ultimately, he says, neuroscience - and should dictate human values. Semir Zeki, a neuroscientist and British jurist Oliver Goodenough from the future "," ancient ", perhaps a few decades away [when] a good knowledge of the justice system of the brain and how the brain reacts to the conflict can provide critical tools in solving international economic and political conflicts. " No less impressive than the neuroscientist Michael Gazzaniga expect a "brain-based philosophy of life" based on an ethic that is "built into our brains. Much suffering, war and conflict could be eliminated if we live according to more consciously. "

The brain is said to be the ultimate scientific frontier, and rightly so, in our opinion. However, in many places, explanations based on the brain seem to be granted a form of intrinsic superiority over all other aspects of the accounting of human behavior. We call this "neurocentrism" course - the idea that human experience and behavior can be better explained in terms of the brain primarily or exclusively. This popular view, the study of the brain is somehow more "scientific" study of human motivations, thoughts, feelings and actions. In doing so visible, the hidden brain imaging has been a blessing for neurocentrism spectacular.
• addiction. "Understanding the biological basis of pleasure leads us to fundamentally rethink the moral and legal aspects of addiction," writes neuroscientist David Linden. They are experts in addiction popular logic, however, for us, it makes little sense. Of course, there may be good reasons to reform the way the criminal justice system treats addicts, but the biology of addiction is not one of them. Why? Because the fact that addiction is associated with neurobiological changes is not in itself proof that the addict is unable to choose. Just look at the actor Robert Downey Jr. He was once a poster boy for excess drugs. "It's like having a loaded gun in his mouth and finger on the trigger, and I like the taste of bronze," he said. It seemed only a matter of time before he would meet a horrible end. But Downey Jr entered rehab and decided to change his life. Why Robert Downey Jr drug Why did you decide to stop and stay clean and sober? An examination of the brain, however sophisticated, can can not tell us that at this time, and probably never will. Neurocentrism The main problem is that devalues ??the importance of psychological explanations and environmental factors, such as family chaos, stress and the generalization of access to medicines in the maintenance of addiction.
• New neuroenthusiasms are endemic to modern neuroscience, apparently grows on a daily basis. Entrepreneurs now bone aspirants in the books as neuromanagement
• Your Brain and Business: The Neuroscience of Great Leaders
, which advises leaders nervous, "you should know that the centers anxiety in the brain are connected to think tanks, including the PFC [prefrontal cortex and ACC] [anterior cingulate cortex]. " The mind is ephemeral and mysterious, but the brain is concrete. It promises to deliver results that even hardened softer sciences, logic is more or less doubtful. Parents and teachers are easy prey for "brain gyms", "consistent teaching with the brain" and "brain-based parenting", not to mention dozens of other techniques. But above all, these companies simply have to dress stain or repackage good advice bromides with neuroscientific discoveries that add nothing to the overall program. As a cognitive psychologist joked: "You can not convince others of your point of view Take a Neuro-prefix - gaining influence or money?".

ours is a time when the brain research is booming - really a time of great expectations. However, it is also a moment of absurd neuroscience brings us to overestimate the amount of neuroscience can improve the legal, clinical and marketing, much less inform social policy. The naive means neuroentrepreneur the spot, and even zeal sometimes exaggerate the analytical skills to reveal the contents of our mind neuroscience, brain physiology exalt level intrinsically more explanatory value for understanding the behavior and rush to under developed, whether dazzling business science and forensics.

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New York's vote to curb stop-and-frisk is another win for civil rights | Brittny Saunders

City Council took an important decision to add more monitoring policies NYPD that stop and search, which are discriminatory

New York City Council approved two bills aimed at ensuring the safety and respect of all New Yorkers. The measurements were supported by the United communities for police reform, a broad coalition of groups in the city, and strengthen the existing prohibition on the profile of the police and establish independent oversight of police department the city.

Today is a new day for the city of New York. The decision reflects a growing concern about the policies and practices of the NYPD who violate the rights of thousands of New Yorkers and undermine relations between the police and the community - practices such as discriminatory use of stop and search valuable public funds waste while producing no measurable impact on public safety.

Criticism was not only the board but also in federal court, where he questioned the legality of these practices. These same questions are repeated in the homes of regular New Yorkers - most of those who disapprove of the two-thirds support the independent supervision of the department of stop and search, and. The message is clear. It's time for New York to move away from an approach to monitoring results in a number of human rights violations each year, while doing little to reduce crime, according to an analysis by the Center for Human Constitutional

• The bills passed by the council meet the growing evidence that in many cases, the Department has replaced stereotypes of real police work. A study by the American Civil Liberties Union in New York revealed that in 2011, for example, 41.6% of all New Yorkers stopped by police in New York were blacks and Latinos between the ages of 14 and 24 years, despite the fact that these groups are a simple 4.7% of the population of the city. The ministry continued to defend the discriminatory tactics, despite evidence that even successful in their own words, do not take guns from the street or significantly reduce crime. In over 99% of all stops in 2011, for example, no weapon was recovered. And in the first three months of 2013, crime decreased and bevel stops, sapping demand for stop and search department is responsible for the low crime rate in the city.
• All this suggests that the continued dependence discriminatory tactics department is not what is needed to actually keep all New Yorkers (and those visiting the city) safely. Instead, this is what it takes to convince a little more white in New York, the richest communities that the administration and the department is serious about public safety.

For too long, too many city leaders agreed discriminatory police tactics on the assumption that the costs incurred by New Yorkers who register are outweighed by the benefits accruing to communities that are then directed an illegal and abusive treatment. But the truth is that the discriminatory policies of the NYPD and practices have indirect negative effects on those who live in the city, including its white residents. They allow the NYPD to replace the crude and ineffective strategies - how to stop New Yorkers on the basis of race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation or gender phrase - for the work of sophisticated police could expect the agency the largest country of the local police. In the process, the position of the NYPD officers as adversaries rather than allies of most communities, they are responsible for the protection, which reduces the willingness to report crime and to all New Yorkers less safe.

is increasingly obvious, then, that the costs of massive spending on ineffective policing strategies extend beyond those supported by the people who run illegally on the streets every day. But the most powerful argument for increased accountability NYPD has nothing to do with the financial costs and benefits and everything to do with what we, as New Yorkers, we allow to do on our behalf. And it is to remain faithful to the legacy of the city of innovation and the belief that here - if nowhere else -. We can find a way to keep everyone without sacrificing the rights of someone

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Barack Obama to face protests in South Africa after years of laissez-faire

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Serena Williams, like the rest of us, lives in a woman-hating world | Jill Filipovic

We live in a political and cultural climate that is hostile to women and even toxic to rape victims. Just listen to Rush Limbaugh

most popular sports Few Americans who beat women. While men are proportionally attackers physical and psychological violence, women are not immune to attack our own - especially, it seems, with the words. Tuesday, Rolling Stone magazine published an interview with 16-time Grand Slam tennis title winner Serena Williams, where Williams blamed a rape victim aged 16, saying that the girl, whose case has been widely publicized was "luck" just been raped. The victim of a violation has been assaulted at a party, instead of intervening, many of his peers took pictures and posted on social media, ensuring that it has not been attacked, but was publicly humiliated.

According to Williams, it's pretty good luck, because "It could have been much worse." Williams also said at the outset that he was not blaming the victim, just before blaming the victim:

"I will not blame the girl, but if you're 16 years old and you're drunk as well, parents should teach. - Do not take drinks from other people"

Or maybe parents should teach their children not to violate people. Even better: teach your children to intervene if safe to do so, or contact a representative of the authority if they witness someone is attacked.

After a bit of indignation, Williams apologized. A little. She said:

What happened in Steubenville was a real shock to me. I was deeply saddened. For someone to be raped, and only 16 years old, is a horrible tragedy! The two families involved - the rape victim and the accused. Currently, I am trying to learn the family of the girl you know that I am deeply sorry for what was written in the Rolling Stone article. It was written - as saying -. It is insensitive and hurtful, and in no way say or to believe that it was all to blame

my career, I have fought for women's equality, equal rights for women and respect in their fields - all I could do to help women who have. My prayers and support always comes to a rape victim. In this case, in particular, a 16 year old innocent.

None of us is immune to say stupid things or out of context. And Williams is a good excuse, until the part where it considers that a breach of a terrible tragedy "for the families concerned -. The rape victim and the accused" First, young people are not only defendants who were convicted, and no real differences about what happened that night. Second, although I'm sure the sentence was very tragic for the families of rapists, is guilty of rape is not as bad as being raped. Realizing that your child or loved one was certainly heartbreaking something terrible, I'm not sure everything is compared to see their child suffer national media coverage after being sexually assaulted and publicly humiliated in his small town, knowing that as parents, there is little you can do to protect it.

• Where
• Williams is right, however, is that it is a model and an icon for women, that just makes the most disturbing comments. But they are a good reminder that none of us is immune to misogyny when we live in a culture that is swimming. I do not think Williams is a bad person or a cruel misogynist. I think she is a woman living in a world that hate women.
• After all, the country where the offense was committed Steubenville is the same in which Rush Limbaugh results in the emission of the most popular radio station in the country. Last week, blamed the abortion - and, of course, women who have abortions - for a long list of diseases in the United States. Women who stop pregnancies take the blame for illegal immigration, higher taxes, lack of creativity, lack of economic growth, the general moral decline and 10-year-old shot the other in Chicago.

course, society has really changed for the better since the feminist conquests of the 1960s and 70s and liberal. Violent crime has dropped. Most Americans actually saw their tax rates fall. American women, in particular, are better educated. In several zero moral decline of the nation - Liberal Blue States - divorce rates are lower, children are healthier, people are living longer, and unwanted pregnancies are less than in the bastions of Real America moral Rush Limbaugh.

fever is not the only American popular game for the He-Man Woman Hater. Republicans are pushing for a ban on abortion after 22 weeks, which passed the House on Tuesday. The ban has no chance of becoming law, but that does not stop the GOP wasting time everyone - not to mention taxpayers' money (which is the segment of Limbaugh whom).

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