วันอาทิตย์ที่ 27 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ. 2554

La Commune: a lesson in audacity | Agnès Poirier

140 years later, we see that in spite of the Paris Commune was short-lived, was a pioneer of modern society

In France, the scandal surrounding Dominique Strauss-Kahn, has unfortunately overshadowed the celebration memorable, the 140th anniversary of the Commune, the mother of all rebellions. It only lasted two months and finally, however, the resonance has shown mixed generations, inspired thinkers, politicians, philosophers, economists and dreamers.

The Commune began March 18, 1871 and ended in a bloodbath May 28 With the first (1792-1799) and second (1848-1852), Republic of models, the Community intends to go further. And so, with the boldest public policy of France has ever known. He joined the insurrection of Paris ending the Second Empire of Napoleon III, who had declared war against Prussia three months before. Finally, an armistice was signed at Versailles with a transitional government. Then came the general elections in February 1871.

While the country has elected a Conservative meeting in Paris voted in favor of radical Republicans left. Paris, who had fought heroically against the Prussian army and hunger bitter experience during the winter 1870-1871, some idea of ??this new assembly, in fear of the contagion of revolution, had moved the district government from Paris to Versailles.

Soon, artisans, merchants and workers - about 25% of the population of Paris at the time, most of them Republican and ardent patriots bitter anticlerical Jacobins - went on strike. They do not want their hopes and ideals to be seized by a new generation of realistic and Bonapartist.


seventy new publications appeared in just two months, including the people's cry, and feminist social. They were followed by a progressive series of policy measures: the empty houses were given to poor families, local eaters were created to feed the poor, was established a minimum income for all workers, private companies should be delegated workers who met every two weeks, were created civil unions, church and state were separated, a feminist movement, the Women's Union, called on workers to pay the workers the same thing and get equal pay for school leaders, press freedom was proclaimed by officials designated by popular vote, acknowledged illegitimate children the same rights as other children. Education was secularized

As if the implementation of these new laws were not enough, the Paris Commune has also had to fight against the French army, which was parked around the capital. Then, when the Versailles government made peace with the new Germany, Bismarck insisted that the uprising in Paris was to be crushed. On May 21, 1871, the government army of Versailles was able to enter Paris. A bloodbath occurred. The coup de Versailles down someone who oppose: 20,000 Communards were killed without trial in a week, some 10,000 were sent to prison and more than 5,000 sent to labor camps in New Caledonia, an island in the Pacific South
The town may have only lasted 70 days, but this laboratory of social experimentation and political exaltation of citizens, daring and courage, opened the way for a better future and to bring the republican ideals in particular the objectives of economic and social life. Visionary public policies that were created during this period, such as civil partnerships, separation of church and state, equal pay, freedom of the press, union representation in private companies and a minimum income, have all been accepted and becomes law, some very recently. If the Commune taught a lesson is that the insurgency is the most sacred of rights and that what is needed in politics is, as Danton said, "


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